Contents1Introduction1 When Simulation Is the Appropriate Tool2 When Simulation Is Not Appropriate3 Advantages and Disadvantages of Simulation4 Areas of Application5 Some Recent Applications of Simulation6 Systems and System Environment7 Components of a System8 Discrete and Continuous Systems9 Model of a System10 Types of Models11 Discrete-Event System Simulation12 Steps in a Simulation StudyReferencesExercises2Simulation Examples in a Spreadsheet1 The Basics of Spreadsheet Simulation2 A Coin Tossing Game3 Queueing Simulation in a Spreadsheet4 Inventory Simulation in a Spreadsheet5 Other Examples of Simulation6 SummaryREFERENCESSimulation Examples in a SpreadsheetEXERCISESExercises based on the Spreadsheet ExamplesList of Materials Available on www.bcnn.net3General Principles1 Concepts in Discrete-Event Simulation2 List ProcessingGeneral Principles3 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES4Simulation Software1 History of Simulation Software2 Selection of Simulation Software3 An Example Simulation4 Simulation in Java5 Simulation in GPSS6 Simulation in SSF7 Simulation Environments8 Experimentation and Statistical-Analysis ToolsREFERENCESEXERCISES5Statistical Models in Simulation1 Review of Terminology and ConceptsStatistical Models in Simulation2 Useful Statistical Models3 Discrete Distributions4 Continuous Distributions5 Poisson Process6 Empirical Distributions7 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES6Queueing Models1 Characteristics of Queueing Systems2 Queueing Notation3 Long-Run Measures of Performance of Queueing Systems4 Steady-State Behavior of Infinite-Population Markovian Models6 Networks of Queues7 Rough-cut Modeling: An Illustration8 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES7Random-Number Generation1 Properties of Random Numbers2 Generation of Pseudo-Random Numbers3 Techniques for Generating Random Numbers4 Tests for Random Numbers5 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES8Random-Variate Generation1 Inverse-Transform Technique2 Acceptance-Rejection Technique3 Special Properties4 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES9Input Modeling1 Data Collection2 Identifying the Distribution with Data3 Parameter EstimationREFERENCESEXERCISES10Verification and Validation of Simulation Models1 Model Building, Verification, and Validation2 Verification of Simulation Models3 Calibration and Validation of Models4 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISES11Estimation of Absolute Performance1 Types of Simulations with Respect to Output Analysis2 Stochastic Nature of Output Data3 Absolute Measures of Performance and Their Estimation4 Output Analysis for Terminating Simulations5 Output Analysis for Steady-State Simulations6 SummaryREFERENCESEstimation of Absolute PerformanceEXERCISES12Estimation of Relative Performance1 Comparison of Two System Designs2 Comparison of Several System Designs3 Metamodeling4 Optimization via Simulation5 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISESList of Materials Available on www.bcnn.net13Simulation of Manufacturing and Material-Handling Systems1 Manufacturing and Material-Handling Simulations2 Goals and Performance Measures3 Issues in Manufacturing and Material-Handling Simulations4 Case Studies of the Simulation of Manufacturing and Material Handling Systems5 Manufacturing Example: An Assembly-line Simulation6 SummaryREFERENCESEXERCISESIntroduction→